Belarus /
RPF This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the system of international protection in Belarus, examining both its legal framework and the lived realities of forced migrants seeking protection. It draws on long-term monitoring, casework, and testimonies collected by Human Constanta and Respect-Protect-Fulfill between 2016, when Human Constanta began its work on migration and human rights in Belarus, and December 2025.
The report serves three interconnected purposes. First, it introduces the Belarusian asylum system to a wider international audience, for whom reliable and systematised information remains scarce. Second, it assesses national asylum legislation and administrative practice, with particular attention to their compatibility with international refugee law and international human rights standards. Third, it summarises and reflects on nearly a decade of practical experience accumulated by Human Constanta in providing legal assistance, monitoring procedures, and documenting violations affecting asylum-seekers and refugees.
Until now, no publication has attempted to offer a systematic, longitudinal analysis of Belarusian asylum law, its internal inconsistencies, its divergence from international standards, and the evolution of practice over time.
This report is published by Human Constanta and Respect-Protect-Fulfill. The document is also available via a link on Google Drive.
Copying, distributing, and displaying this work is permitted provided that proper credit is given to Human Constanta and Respect-Protect-Fulfill the work is not used for commercial purposes.